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Národní knihovna ?eské republiky
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百度 ”　　农业局副局长尹才提到：“肇东的这些金融改革措施，让资金的需求端和供给端间的融合更紧密了，也有效提高了现代化农业水平，形成了生产、加工、销售、服务、金融的闭环式发展模式，提高了农产品品质和农民收入，不仅解决了棘手的实际困难，也滋养了本土品牌，打造出很多响当当的地方名片。

??????? ??????? ?? ?'??? (???????: National Library of the Czech Republic; ??'???: Národní knihovna ?eské republiky, ???? ?????: NL CR ) ????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????? (Klementinum) ????? ???? ????? ????.

?????? ?? ???????

??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ????? ??????? (??? ????? ?-20 ?????) ???? ??????, ???????, ????? ?????, ??????, ??????????? ?????????.^[1]

??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???, ?? ?? 60 ??? ?????? ??????, ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ???. ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? 15, ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????????, ??????, ?????, ???????, ?????? ???????.^[2]

??????? ?-10 ?????? ?????: ????? ??????, ???? ???? - ????? ?????????, ?????, ????? ????, ???? ???? ????? ???????, ???? ???? ???, ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????, ???? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????.^[3]

???????? ?????

????? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ?-20 ????,^[1] ???? ???? 1722 ???? ?????? ??????????? ???????,^[4] ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????.^[1] ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? 1578 - 1726, ?????? 1924 - 1936, ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????, ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ??????????? ???????? ??????.^[1] ?????? ???? ?????? ??????: ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? (????????) ??????, ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???, ????? ????? ?????.^[5]

??????

??????? ?? ??6 ?????? ??????, 20 ??? ?????, ???? ????????^[4] ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????.^[6]

???? ???? ???: ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????, ????? ???? 1366 ?? ??? ?'???? ?????? ??????????? ????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ???, ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ???, ????? Vysehrad ???? 1085, ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??'?? ?????? ????????? (King Vratislav Czech), ??? ?? ????? ??????? (Abbess Kunhuta) ???? 1312, ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?'???' ?????? ????, ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?-14 ????.^[2]

???? ???????????: ??????? ?-4,200 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? 1500, ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-18, ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? (Joseph II), ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????. ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?-20 ???? ???????? ???? 2006, ???? ??????? ??????? ???? 550 ?????????? ????? ??????????????? (Premonstratensians) ????? (Teplá). ???? 2017, ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? (????? ???) 500 ????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????. 70% ?????? ??? ???????, 25% ?????? ????? ????????, 2% ?????? ????? ????? ?-3% ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? - ??? ?????? ?????? ???? 1487, ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????. ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? CD-ROM ???????? ?????????? ?????, ????: Emma Urbánková - ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? 1986, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? Vladislav Dokoupil.^[7]

??????? ???????: ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????. ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????, ?????????, ??????, ???? ??????, ?????? ???????, ?????????, ???? ??????, ?????????? ??????.^[8]

?????? ????? ????? ????????: ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????, ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????.^[9] ????? ???????, ??? ?????? ????????? ???, ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????.^[9]

????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 181 ?????? ????? 117 ???? ??, ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? 1837–1838. ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? (Marco Berra). ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ??????? ???? (Alois Fuchs) ???? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ???? 21 ????'???. ???? ???????? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ????? ?-19 ??-20, ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????.^[9]

?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? 4 ?????? ??????? ?? ?????: ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? (Leopold Mozart), ???? ??? W.A. ????? (W. A. Mozart), ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? (Constance), ???? ?? ?????. ???? ???, ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? (?? ?? ??????? ???????, ?????? ????? ?????? ???). ??? ????, ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? (Franz Xaver Mozart), ??? ????? ?? ??????.^[9]

???? ???? ????????: ???? 2016, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? 1950, ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????.^[10]

???????? ???????

?????? ????????: ???? 2005 ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????"?. ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? Jikji^[11] ??? ????? ???? ????????? (Cheongju) ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? (Adolf Knoll).^[12] ???? ??? 30 ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????.^[13] ??????? ???????? ????? ?-8 ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????, ????? ????? ?????.^[14]

??????? ????????? ?????? ????: ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? VIAF - Virtual International Authority File, ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???, ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????-??? ???????. ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ?????, ??????, ?????? ????.^[15]

?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????: ?????? ?? ?????? 19 ?????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ????? ????????.^[12]

??????? ??????

???? 2002, ???? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????,^[16]^[17] ????? ?? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???. ????, ?????? ???? ?? ??????? - ???? ???????? (Holesovice), ????? ?-30 ??? ????? ???? ?-20 ??? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????? ????? ???, ??????? ??????? ?????? ????.^[18]

????? ??? ???????

???? 2006, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???????, ?????? ????? ??????????.^[19] ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? (Letna). ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? (Kaplicky) ????? ??? ???????.^[20]

??????? ????????

???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?'??? ???????????

??? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?'??? (??'???)

??????? ??????? ?? ?'???, ???? ??????? ???????
??????? ??????? ?? ?'???, ???? ??????? ??? (??????)

????? ??????

^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Architectural development of Klementinum, National Libury of the Czech Republic (???????, ?????)
^ ¹ ² Basic documents, facts and figures, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ??????? 2013 (???????)
^ Reading Rooms, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?26 ?????? 2021 (???????)
^ ¹ ² ???? ???, ??? ???????, ???? ??????, ?8 ??????? 2020
^ ??? ????, ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????: ??????? ???????? ?????, ???? ynet, 31 ??????? 2018
^ Collections Management (1.4.0.), National Library of the Czech Republic, ?1 ????? 2022 (???????)
^ Kamil Boldan, Incunabula, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?5 ??????? 2017 (???????)
^ Some facts and figures, National library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ?????? 2012 (???????)
^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ The establishment of the Mozart Memorial, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ?????? 2012 (???????)
^ ???? ???, ???? ????: ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???.??, ???? nrg?, 20 ???? 2016
^ UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize, ???? ?????"?
^ ¹ ² Ian Willoughby, National Library wins UNESCO award for pioneering digitisation work, Radio Prague International, ?9 ???? 2005 (???????)
^ NATIONAL LIBRARY WINS UNESCO AWARD FOR PIONEERING DIGITISATION WORK
^ kramerius, Naitonal Library of the Czech Repablic (???????)
^ ?????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? VIAF, ???? News1 ????? ??????, 19 ???? 2009
^ Art saved from European floods, BBC NEWS, ?15 ?????? 2002 (???????)
^ Christian Falvey, Water accident in National Library, Radio Prague International, ?21 ???? 2011 (???????)
^ ??? ??-???, ??? ????? ?????????, ???? ??? ???
^ Ian Willoughby, National Library to get major new building while Clementinum will undergo extensive renovations, Radio Prague International, ?30 ??? 2006 (???????)
^ New building fot the Czech National Library – The Never Ending Story, Prague.net, ?2008 (???????)

[nkp-1] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Architectural development of Klementinum, National Libury of the Czech Republic (???????, ?????)

[facts-2] ¹ ² Basic documents, facts and figures, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ??????? 2013 (???????)

[3] Reading Rooms, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?26 ?????? 2021 (???????)

[???-4] ¹ ² ???? ???, ??? ???????, ???? ??????, ?8 ??????? 2020

[5] ??? ????, ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????: ??????? ???????? ?????, ???? ynet, 31 ??????? 2018

[6] Collections Management (1.4.0.), National Library of the Czech Republic, ?1 ????? 2022 (???????)

[7] Kamil Boldan, Incunabula, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?5 ??????? 2017 (???????)

[8] Some facts and figures, National library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ?????? 2012 (???????)

[Library-9] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ The establishment of the Mozart Memorial, National Library of the Czech Republic, ?18 ?????? 2012 (???????)

[10] ???? ???, ???? ????: ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???.??, ???? nrg?, 20 ???? 2016

[11] UNESCO/Jikji Memory of the World Prize, ???? ?????"?

[Ian-12] ¹ ² Ian Willoughby, National Library wins UNESCO award for pioneering digitisation work, Radio Prague International, ?9 ???? 2005 (???????)

[13] NATIONAL LIBRARY WINS UNESCO AWARD FOR PIONEERING DIGITISATION WORK

[14] ramerius, Naitonal Library of the Czech Repablic (???????)

[15] ?????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? VIAF, ???? News1 ????? ??????, 19 ???? 2009

[16] Art saved from European floods, BBC NEWS, ?15 ?????? 2002 (???????)

[17] Christian Falvey, Water accident in National Library, Radio Prague International, ?21 ???? 2011 (???????)

[18] ??? ??-???, ??? ????? ?????????, ???? ??? ???

[19] Ian Willoughby, National Library to get major new building while Clementinum will undergo extensive renovations, Radio Prague International, ?30 ??? 2006 (???????)

[20] New building fot the Czech National Library – The Never Ending Story, Prague.net, ?2008 (???????)

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